Integrity Investigations

Initial Assessment

The editorial team evaluates whether the allegation is credible, specific, and supported by relevant information.

Evidence Collection

The journal may request original research documentation, community service records, data, permissions, or other supporting materials.

Author Response

Authors should be given a reasonable opportunity to respond to relevant concerns.

Independent Assessment

When necessary, the journal may consult qualified experts, independent editors, or relevant institutional authorities.

Editorial Determination

An authorized editor determines whether corrective action is justified.

Communication

Affected parties should be informed of the outcome as appropriate, while respecting confidentiality.

Possible outcomes include no action, clarification, correction, expression of concern, retraction, or referral to the relevant institution.